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Keyless Entry and Car Theft

Car theft is increasing and thieves have found new ways to get into vehicles. Keyless entry is among the most common methods.

The days of thieves broke windows and hotwired cars to steal them. They can now hack into a vehicle's computer systems within minutes.

Relay Attack

Since the introduction to the Push-to Start technology, millions of people have been able to be in a position to start their vehicles without having to reach for the car keys. Unfortunately, this same convenience makes vehicles more vulnerable. Particularly thieves have been able to employ a new method known as the relay attack to steal cars within seconds. This method makes use of an amplifier to amplify and capture the signal sent by the car's keyfob. It allows thieves to unlock your car and drive off.

The relay attack is an alteration of an older method known as Man-in-the-Middle attacks. This kind of attack can be employed in cybersecurity to intercept communications between two parties and alter it without not knowing. In a relay attack, the attacker employs an electronic device to record and transmit the signal from the key fob in your car to a second device located nearby. This second device is able to open the door and start the engine, thereby stealing your vehicle in seconds.

Criminals can carry out an attack making use of a low-cost and readily accessible device to detect the signal from a key fob. Usually, thieves operate in pairs, with one holding the relay amplifier, and the other person standing outside near the home of the victim. The thief simply wave the device in front of the home of the victim, which tricks the car into thinking the key is within range and allows it to be opened and started.

To stop this type of theft, some experts recommend that you store your key fob when it is not in use in a metal container or pouch. However this is a basic solution that has been proven to not work against modern relay devices. The best option is to invest in the use of a steering wheel lock that physically blocks the thief's ability to steer the vehicle once it is stolen.

Many car manufacturers have attempted to address this issue by introducing features like secure keyless entry systems that rely on cryptographic methods and time-sensitive codes to protect against relay attacks. Criminals have devised devices that can thwart these measures. The race is now on to find a solution for relay crime that does not interfere with the security of keyless technology.

Hacking

Many new cars are fitted with keyless entry systems which let drivers open and start their vehicle without needing an actual key or button. These systems are vulnerable to a new kind of theft. Thieves can use electronic devices to copy the signal from the key fob and send it to a transmitter held by an accomplice who is close to the vehicle. The thief then has the ability to unlock the car and drive off. This method is called relay attack and can be completed in between 20 and 30 seconds according to AAA.

Thieves often employ cheap devices to mimic the wireless signal from the key fob to record it and send it to a partner. The thief will then appear to be the owner of the vehicle when the victim presses the key fob to begin or shut the car. They do this by sending a response that appears to the car system as an authentic signal.

The more sophisticated thieves have created devices that can plug into the On-Board Diagnostics port (OBD) which is usually located beneath the steering wheel. This port permits mechanics to connect diagnostic tools. The criminal can download information from the car's computer and create an empty key fob that meets the car's specifications. Almost all vehicles are vulnerable to this kind of hacking.

Some thieves have employed TikTok challenges as a way to train people to create cheap amplifiers that increase the signal of a key fob, allowing an accomplice unlock the car when it is parked in the driveway. This method has led to manufacturers like Kia and Toyota to release software updates which stop this vulnerability.

Experts recommend keeping your car keys away from your home, and even in the trunk, so that a thief has a check here harder getting access to the keys. You can also consider investing in RFID pouches that protect the signal and discourage the use of your keys in a non-approved way. Some of these pouches come with mesh linings made of metal, and are available on the low end for around $10. Similar to your phone and computer it's essential to keep the software on your car up-to-date.

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Cards

The latest car key fobs utilize radio signals to communicate with the vehicle which allows owners to unlock their cars and even start them without having to touch the key. However, these advanced technologies also increase the risk of theft. The signal from a keyfob can be recorded if the device is placed on a desk near the front door or in a wallet. Then, they can copy it using simple devices called emulators, the size of handheld consoles. They can then open the car in a matter of minutes and drive off.

Typically, the crooks work in pairs. One will stand in front of your house, holding a relay amplifier and the other one will hold the device that captures the signal from the key fob. The crooks can then amplify the signal so that it is strong enough to bypass your car's security system.

Another technique that is popular is blocking the communication between keyfob and vehicle. Thieves do this by using signal jammers that emit the same radio frequency as the key fob. This jams the signal and stops it from being recognized by the vehicle. The lock button is not working.

As thieves become more sophisticated in their tactics, auto dealers need to be alert in securing their inventory. Dealerships must install high-security perimeter fencing, with cameras and a secure entrance to prevent thieves from driving on flatbeds with vehicles after hours. They must also train their employees on the proper handling of keys, such as locking cars securely and keeping keys in a safe place when not being used.

Fortunately, technology is working to combat these new thieves and prevent car thefts. Some car manufacturers are developing key fobs that have active RFID chips and frequency-hopping technology that makes it difficult for thieves to amplify the signal from the keys. Additionally, Faraday cages can be used to block the transmission of signals from a key fob to cars. Other options include etching the last seven numbers of your vehicle Identification Number (VIN) onto the headlights, windows and mirrors to prevent sale or reuse of your vehicle.

Theft of VIN

While keyless access is great for convenience, it also creates new opportunities for criminals to steal vehicles. When your car recognises a signal sent from your wireless key or remote fob, it will open the door and start the engine. If the signal isn't recognized, your car will lock, but it won't start. This is because you need to have the key in your hand to press a button on the fob to start the starter.

Even if your car is parked, it's essential to keep your remote and key fob hidden. Criminals can use a small transmitter to intercept your signal and steal it. Then, he can unlock your door and drive away without ever having to touch the key or ignition.

Criminals may even change the VIN and the title of a stolen vehicle to hide their involvement. This practice, known as VIN-switching, is on the increase. Typically, crooks buy a damaged car through auctions or police departments, and then modify the VIN. They then use a valid VIN from another model and to obtain a brand new registration and title, and then sell the car to unwitting buyers.

The VIN is a well-known method to deter theft. Many companies offer kits for this, and in a few places the police department or AAA provides this service free of charge. It might seem odd to believe that etching can deter thieves. After all, it makes it more difficult for dealers to purchase your vehicle. But, a professional thief is aware that etching is an important obstacle and will probably deter them from stealing your vehicle.

The NICB provides a free VINCheck online service to find out if your vehicle was ever reported as stolen or salvaged but not yet recovered. The service is only available on their website and requires the use of a valid VIN. Additionally, a vast assortment of security products available for your vehicle, including audible and visible devices that serve as a deterrent for criminals. These include alarms and locks for the steering wheel as well as window etching.